Kin throughout the Woodland: The Battle to Protect an Secluded Rainforest Group

The resident Tomas Anez Dos Santos worked in a small glade far in the of Peru jungle when he noticed footsteps approaching through the lush woodland.

He became aware that he stood surrounded, and stood still.

“One stood, aiming with an projectile,” he remembers. “Somehow he detected of my presence and I started to flee.”

He ended up encountering the Mashco Piro tribe. For decades, Tomas—residing in the modest village of Nueva Oceania—served as almost a neighbour to these itinerant individuals, who avoid interaction with outsiders.

Tomas feels protective regarding the Mashco Piro
Tomas shows concern regarding the Mashco Piro: “Allow them to live according to their traditions”

A recent study by a human rights organization indicates there are no fewer than 196 described as “isolated tribes” remaining globally. The group is believed to be the largest. The report states a significant portion of these tribes could be eliminated within ten years unless authorities fail to take further actions to defend them.

It claims the greatest threats come from deforestation, digging or drilling for petroleum. Uncontacted groups are exceptionally at risk to common disease—as such, it says a danger is caused by exposure with religious missionaries and digital content creators in pursuit of clicks.

Lately, the Mashco Piro have been venturing to Nueva Oceania more and more, according to residents.

The village is a angling village of seven or eight clans, sitting elevated on the edges of the local river in the heart of the Peruvian Amazon, half a day from the most accessible settlement by watercraft.

The area is not designated as a preserved reserve for remote communities, and timber firms function here.

According to Tomas that, sometimes, the sound of heavy equipment can be heard continuously, and the tribe members are observing their woodland disturbed and ruined.

Within the village, people report they are conflicted. They are afraid of the Mashco Piro's arrows but they also possess deep respect for their “kin” residing in the jungle and want to protect them.

“Let them live as they live, we must not modify their way of life. This is why we maintain our space,” states Tomas.

The community captured in Peru's local province
The community photographed in the Madre de Dios region area, in mid-2024

Inhabitants in Nueva Oceania are anxious about the harm to the tribe's survival, the threat of violence and the chance that deforestation crews might subject the tribe to diseases they have no immunity to.

While we were in the settlement, the group made themselves known again. Letitia, a woman with a toddler girl, was in the woodland collecting food when she detected them.

“We detected cries, shouts from individuals, many of them. As though there were a large gathering yelling,” she informed us.

This marked the first instance she had come across the group and she fled. After sixty minutes, her thoughts was continually pounding from terror.

“Because exist loggers and companies cutting down the jungle they are fleeing, maybe due to terror and they come in proximity to us,” she said. “We are uncertain what their response may be towards us. That is the thing that terrifies me.”

Two years ago, two loggers were confronted by the Mashco Piro while catching fish. One man was hit by an projectile to the gut. He lived, but the other person was discovered dead after several days with multiple arrow wounds in his body.

The village is a modest river hamlet in the Peruvian rainforest
The village is a small fishing community in the of Peru rainforest

The administration follows a strategy of non-contact with remote tribes, establishing it as illegal to start encounters with them.

This approach began in Brazil after decades of advocacy by community representatives, who noted that first interaction with remote tribes could lead to entire communities being eliminated by illness, destitution and hunger.

During the 1980s, when the Nahau tribe in Peru first encountered with the world outside, a significant portion of their people succumbed within a short period. A decade later, the Muruhanua people experienced the same fate.

“Secluded communities are very susceptible—in terms of health, any contact might introduce sicknesses, and even the most common illnesses may eliminate them,” states a representative from a local advocacy organization. “In cultural terms, any contact or interference can be highly damaging to their life and well-being as a community.”

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Crystal Perry
Crystal Perry

An avid skier and travel writer with over a decade of experience exploring Italian slopes and sharing insights on winter sports.